2011年5月29日星期日

Heavy head, running nose

Tapti woke up this morning with body pain. Her nose is running and she is sneezing often. She has travelled from Madurai and is convinced that the change of water has made her come down with a cold. Her mother-in-law, however, swears that the cold came on because she had curd rice last afternoon, immediately after coming in sweating from the hot sun. Is either of them right about the cause of Tapti's cold?

What causes a cold?

A virus causes the common cold. Nasal congestion, sneezing, and runny nose are the usual symptoms. Drinking cold fluids, eating curds or ice cream does not cause a cold. A cold virus spreads through tiny, air droplets that are released when an infected person sneezes, coughs, or blows his nose. That is why travelling or working in a crowded place exposes you to the virus. Children in classrooms are particularly susceptible to picking up the virus from their schoolmates. You can even get a cold when you touch your nose, eyes, or mouth after you have touched something contaminated by the virus.

The viruses that cause colds provoke inflammation that increases the leakage of fluid from the blood vessels into the lining of the nose and into the nose. The swelling of the lining of the nose causes the feeling of a ‘blocked nose' and also leads to a runny nose.

Treatment for a cold

The old saying goes, ‘Without treatment a cold will last a week and with treatment it will last only for seven days!' The fetish for avoiding ‘cold' food such as curds, cold water and juices when you have a cold or cough has no basis in science.

For short-term relief of nasal congestion, nasal decongestants can be used. Nasal decongestants are chemicals (for example, pseudoephedrine and oxymetazoline) that decrease the swelling of the lining of the nose. This relieves the ‘blocked' nose. Nasal decongestants can be used topically within the nose (as nasal drops or spray) or can be taken orally as tablets. Steam inhalation with a menthol preparation can also relieve the symptoms of a cold.

Oral nasal decongestants frequently are combined with an antihistamine, a cough suppressant, or an analgesic in treating cold, flu or allergy symptoms.

Paracetamol and ibuprofen are excellent for relieving the headaches and body pain that accompany a cold and cough.

Cough

A sore throat and cough are usually the result of a viral infection. Most of these will run a benign course and need only symptom relief. However, a cough persisting for more than two weeks or a cough that is associated with chest pain, fever, weight loss, or blood-tinged or discoloured sputum, should be evaluated by a doctor.

Treatment for a cough

Oral cough suppressants

Dry, hacking coughs particularly respond to cough suppressants. Dextromethorphan is an oral cough suppressant that is available over-the counter (OTC). Dextromethorphan acts on the brain to suppress the cough. Diphenhydramine is another non-narcotic medication that acts on the brain to suppress cough. It is also an antihistamine and is found in common cough syrups available OTC. A doctor might prescribe a cough syrup containing codeine which is an oral cough suppressant that is particularly effective for bouts of uncontrollable coughing.

Oral expectorant

Guaifenesin is an oral expectorant that liquefies the thick mucous in the airways and facilitates the clearing of the mucous by coughing. Clearing of mucous from the airways decreases cough.

Topical medications

Camphor and menthol are active ingredients in many topical cough medications. Camphor and menthol ointments are rubbed on the throat and the chest and their vapours help relieve the cough. They are also available as products for steam inhalation. Menthol is also available as lozenges.

When do you need antibiotics?

Common colds and coughs do not need antibiotics. It is a shame that children and adults are loaded with antibiotics the minute they develop any symptom. This only makes them resistant to antibiotics and will make them susceptible to life-threatening bacteria. Antibiotics need to be prescribed only if there is definite proof of an ear infection or sinusitis.

Influenza or ‘flu'

Influenza is caused by a virus and may present with fever, body ache, cold and cough. The treatment is to relieve the symptoms. No antibiotics are required. Plenty of fluids and a normal diet are recommended.

How To Know If Your Body Is Acidic?

It can be really crucial to remember that the symptoms of acidity are normally based on the quantity of acids we have in our body. These signs and symptoms are grouped according to it order of severity. Much less severe symptoms may well indicate that you simply are just slightly acidic. For anyone who is in the middle you may just be very acidic but severe and life-threatening symptoms can indicate that you are extremely acidic. An excessive amount of acid inside the body will demand alkalizing diet instantly.

Read on to know a few of the symptoms which will pin point that your body is acidic. This is extremely vital simply because each and every of these signs may be disorder, illness or illness that will caused on account of excess acidity and lifestyle. In addition, these signs and symptoms will help us figure out the quantity of acidity your body.

Included within the early acidic signs are dizziness, sensitive to particular chemicals, heartburn, metallic tasting, strong smell of urine, hyperactivity, muscular pains, fatigue, premenstrual tension, acne, unexplained tiredness, panic attacks, diarrhea, constipation, headaches, coated tongue and bloating. In this case the individual may expertise only 1 or two symptoms at a time, which depends on the level of acidity he has.

The symptoms of middle acidity are eczema, psoriasis, foggy brain, endometriosis, depression, viral infections, depression, loss of memory, headaches, migraine, insomnia, cold sores, bronchitis, impotence, yeast infection, hives, sinusitis, inflammation, asthma, swelling and environmental allergies. This may call for the individual to avoid acidic foods than men and women with symptoms that are much less severe.

In case of severe acidic the signs and symptoms are tuberculosis, hodgkin’s illness, lupus erthemotosis, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, chron’s disease, certain cancers and numerous sclerosis. Severe symptoms of acidity may well indicate that the person has an extensive amount of acidity in his body. This only indicates that the person wants to follow a strict alkalizing diet and necessary medical attention appropriate away. Ignoring these symptoms might worsen the condition and could be life-threatening.

As a matter of reality, even should you be just slightly acidic, it truly is very vital to live a healthy and uncomplicated lifestyle like eating additional on vegetables and fruits. Obtaining a standard physical exercise also assists your method to be healthy and fight disease effectively. Being too acidic is actually a risk factor for developing disease like diabetes, heart difficulties, cancer along with other complications that may perhaps cause your life.

Have you ever wondered what are alkaline foods, you can visit alkaline diet to discover the secrets to alkalizing your body and be healthy.

2011年5月25日星期三

Peak form arrives...

How do you now when you have reached peak form? When you then lose it, of course. Unless, that is, you are one of those riders with sufficient resources to own a power meter and, more importantly, employ someone to make sure you use it correctly, in which case you will presumably reach predicted peaks at times chosen to coincide with major riding goals. And the inevitable troughs to follow.

Me? I don't generally experience much by way of fluctuations in form, let alone what might be termed a peak in it, mainly because I couldn't be bothered with structure in my riding "program" and also because I tend to ride pretty much the same amount and at a largely unvarying pace all year round. My evening "10" times indicate as much, such rare improvements as there are these days only coming along as the weather gets warmer or I try out some spiffing new component.

Somehow, this year has been a bit different. I'm ascribing it to the week I spent with Dave "Shiny Boy" Arthur in Majorca back in March, during which I lost 2kg and regained some real enthusiasm for racing. It is fading a bit - I haven't ridden an open TT for a month and my recent C-category LVRC road race victory may well prove my only ride in a road race this year - but the hard miles I've had to ride during the last eight weeks have been enough to polish something I didn't know was there until last Thursday.

Almost exactly one year ago, Shiny Boy tucked me away in his only time trial outing of the year and, given the fact that he has shown an annual improvement since I started at RCUK while I have, er, slowed down, I sadly concluded at the time that he was now quicker and likely to get more so. His form in Majorca only served to reinforce the feeling.

So, although I'd manage to put him under pressure a few weeks ago on a recce ride of the forthcoming wiggle Magnificat cyclosportive, I was expecting little. The event was one of the Redmon CC's evening 15 mile TTs over the course of the club's famous Grand Prix des Gentlemen; lumpy in parts, fast early on along the A24 dual carriageway and hard through the lanes back from Rusper. Turns out it was one of those evenings when you can't feel the pedals.

Right from the first few pedal strokes I felt fast. Setting off one minute after Germain Burton may or may not have helped; for sure, there's no way I was going to see the lad, who is progressing at a stunning rate. But you generally know when you are going well and I finished hoping for a quick time, which I reckon is what I got. Conceding 1'20" to Germain over 15 miles ain't too shabby, after all. Nor is handing out an unexpectedly heavy beating to young DA...

But, just to prove that the ride really was done at peak form, I woke the next moring with a sore throat and cold. And when I got back on the bike, the pedals felt very heavy indeed.

Vet says horse owners only need to play it safe

On the heels of the cancellation of last weekend’s Little Britches (and parade) and Rough Stock rodeos and the Outriders Gymkhana, Dr. Gordon Laity of the Lakeland Veterinary Clinic in 100 Mile House held an information seminar on Saturday (May 21) morning.

Organizers cancelled the events as a precautionary measure, following the news of an outbreak of Neurotropic Equine Herpes Virus-1 (nEHV-1) traced back to a National Cutting Horse Association event in Ogden, Utah, April 30-May 8. They ruled on the side of caution because all strains of the disease are highly contagious.

Dr. Laity told the six people who gathered on Saturday he wanted to calm any potential panic that might be occurring because people are reading and passing along blogs and reports on the Internet.

It’s not a new disease, as it has been around for a long time, he said, adding most horses have come in contact with it their first year of life.

Noting the equine herpes virus (EHV), or rhinovirus, is an extremely common virus and there have been numerous outbreaks in the past, he explained that once a horse is infected, it always carries the disease.

“So they may have the virus at any age down the road, particularly if they are stressed, and they may even suffer from the disease again that they got infected with a long time ago.”

Dr. Laity noted it’s much like cold sores in people, which is also herpes virus.

He added there are two main strains of herpes virus, with strain 4 causing cold-like symptoms, resulting in a fever, a “snotty nose,” and lack of appetite.

Strain 1, he said, has the cold-like and respiratory disease symptoms, but can also cause abortions in pregnant mares and, in some rare cases, cause neurological (brain and spinal cord) disease.

There is no risk to human health, Dr. Laity stressed.

Noting this recent outbreak is particularly virulent, he said vaccination is not effective for the neurological strain of EHV, so there is no point for people rushing out to vaccinate their horses.

The main way to prevent the spread of infection is to isolate new horses arriving at a facility, he said, adding isolation for a two- to three-week period is a good practice in general.

Isolation is also important if a horse is showing symptoms because the air-borne disease is spread from an infected horse to other horses through nasal secretions.

It can also be transmitted indirectly by people caring for the horses (clothes and gloves) and the equipment (stalls, trailers, brushes and tack) they use.

“Changing your clothes and disinfecting any instruments after handling a sick horse would be a good idea,” he said, adding handlers should wash their hands with soap and water frequently.

Responding to questions, Dr. Laity said he didn’t think it would be risky riding horses in the South Cariboo now, as the risk is the same as it always was.

Because some equine events have been taking the temperatures of the horses before letting them compete, he said higher temperature is often the first sign. Anything over 38.5 C is considered a high temperature, he said, but owners should consider the environment the horse has been in, such as running around in the heat.

He added it wouldn’t be a bad idea for owners to take temperatures if they wanted to monitor their horses for signs of the disease.

If a horse is showing EHV symptoms, Dr. Laity said the first step would be to isolate it (28 days is recommended) and let it run its course.

As for preventive measures, he added keeping the horse’s stress level down should stop any latent disease from resurfacing.

He noted the horses at the Utah event were likely hauled in trailers, which makes them susceptible to many diseases, and is very stressful on the animals. This long-distance travelling, combined with being in close quarters with a lot of strange horses and the competition, he added, can be a recipe for EHV to spread quickly.

However, Dr. Laity said this isn’t what a horse, which hasn’t had a stressful moment for the past six months in a South Cariboo back yard, is likely experiencing.

“So, I don’t think I would be particularly concerned about this rhino outbreak. Just play it safe.”

2011年5月22日星期日

Older voters want needs addressed too

SINGAPORE - Don't forget the older generation. This was the parting message from former Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew and Emeritus Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong as they stepped down from the Cabinet, and the reminder again from President S R Nathan on Saturday night as the new Cabinet was sworn in.

As Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his new team embark on engaging a younger and different generation of Singaporeans, analysts and Members of Parliament that MediaCorp spoke to emphasised the importance of not leaving this senior electorate out in the cold.

With a fast-ageing population, older voters, with time on their hands and institutional memory, could become a major pressure group, said some like Mr Charles Chong, MP for Joo Chiat.

Political scientist Reuben Wong, from the National University of Singapore, said: "Older voters who have been through tumultuous times vote for the PAP ... A lot of these voters are not on social media, so if you concentrate on younger voters, you risk losing their support."

Indeed some observers had concerns that there had been an "over-emphasis" on younger voters over the last few years. One major sore point among retirees who live in landed property is that they have not benefited from the Grow and Share package.

Mr Chong, who encountered many such voters during his campaign, said: "The cost of living, inflation, healthcare costs impact retirees more - many of them told me that they are living off their savings, and I agree with them that the definition of the needy is too simplistic."

Mr Chong was among those who suggested re-looking income tax assessment as a better way of apportioning national growth packages. But former Nominated MP Zulkifli Baharuddin disagreed with this approach.

While he acknowledged that many Singapore seniors want to age in place, the Government should find a way to "manage their expectations, make them understand that they have to make use of their assets to see through their later years". Many seniors in developed societies have understood the need to liquidate their assets, he added.

Still, these are issues the Government must handle "carefully", he said.

There are some concerns over whether older voters would feel as connected to a younger Cabinet team minus any veteran ministers.

But political risk consultant Azhar Ghani argues what matters more is that the needs of older Singaporeans continue to be looked after. "It's not your age that counts, but what you can do for them," he said.

MP for Ang Mo Kio GRC Inderjit Singh agreed that Mr Lee Kuan Yew's departure did not mean that the People's Action Party would lose the support of older voters. But if the Government could exercise some "flexibility" on some issues, it could assuage some of the frustrations out there, he felt.

Mr Singh suggested "interim help" in the form of unemployment insurance or allowing older workers who have lost their jobs to "borrow" from their savings in their Central Provident Fund and pay it back with interest when they are employed.

He also questioned the use of property type as a basis for deciding who gets payouts. "The Grow and Share package is a one-off award - I think the Government can relax on this and give the package to these few retirees."

He also told MediaCorp that he had encountered a mature worker who had applied for a low-income job but was disqualified from receiving Workfare Income Supplement because he lived in a landed property.

Legacy Events Center responds to equine virus

Walking into the Legacy Events Center, here, these days, might evoke more of a hospital smell than that of a horse arena.

That’s because crews have been busy disinfecting 175 horse stalls and the warmup arena, all in response to reports of the Equine Herpa Virus, or EHV-1, at Weber County’s Golden Spike Arena, earlier this month.

“It’s like a cold sore,” Legacy Center Director Dave Hansen said. “A person who has cold sores might have the virus inside his or her body their whole lives, but don’t show it unless stressed out. The Herpa Virus is a strain of that. A horse who gets stressed around other horses – that’s when it becomes contagious. Other horses might not react as well, so may have signs that could lead to their death.”

Although Hansen said that as of Friday afternoon no cases had been reported in Davis County and only one other in the state, it has prompted cancellation of several horse shows at the Legacy Events Center arena, here.

Events at the county-owned facility had been cancelled last Monday, another show, Twin Stars, was rained out on Wednesday, and a couple of Friday and Saturday shows, as well, including the Utah Teen Penning Association and a 4-H show.

As a precaution, the Legacy Center is not accepting any “new” horses, which typically would come from out-of-town riders/show people. That won’t affect those already there, because they haven’t been in contact with diseased horses, Hansen said.

At a meeting which drew fair and arena managers from across the state, Thursday, in Richfield, State Veterinarian Dr. Bruce King said the incubation period is 21 days.

“The show in Ogden ended May 8, that means they (horses infected there) can carry this through May 29,” Hansen said the group was told, adding that the state vet said “they’re not quarantined, but people might want to self-quarantine.

“It’s (virus) having a very common affect across the state,” he said. “It’s kind’ve like when swine flew was going around in schools. Now people are worried about this.”

Many times it’s the horse groups themselves that are cancelling shows, rather than the exhibition areas.

“We haven’t had anyone say they couldn’t hold” on those shows, saying that waiting a few weeks is worth it, Hansen said.

“It definitely affects us,” he said of the Legacy Center. “We won’t make revenue from the shows, stalls, concessions, etc. It definitely hurts our bottom line. It really trickles down quite a bit. Hotels and restaurants won’t get some of the business they would have from people coming from out-of-town.”

But the facility is lucky in that most of its customers hold repeat events over a typical year, and will be back. In addition, a lot of work has gone into broadening the appeal and use of the facility.

Hansen noted that although this weekend would see no horse shows or BMX event (it was to have premiered Friday night), other diversified activities will continue.

“BMX will be all summer, dog shows, dance lessons. We still have a wedding, karate,” Hansen said. “Having these exhibition buildings certainly helps.”

And it even provides a spot startup businesses can afford, such as a ballroom dance instructor, karate instructor or dog obedience trainer.

“The buildings are not really fancy. Probably the dance studio would like mirrors on all of the walls,” Hansen said. “But they can afford this building. It’s really basic. But they can afford to start a business” by holding classes there.

Read more: Davis County Clipper - Legacy Events Center responds to equine virus

2011年5月18日星期三

The power of two

Daniel Burt and Aleisha McCormack have moved to centre stage.

IF THINGS pan out, Daniel Burt and Aleisha McCormack might just become the Mike Nichols and

Elaine May of Australian comedy. But first they need to work out who is who.

''Am I Nichols or May?'' says Burt.

''You can be May,'' says McCormack. ''I love Nichols and May,'' she adds.
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Nichols and May are legends of the American comedy scene, having emerged as a writing and

performing duo in the late 1950s before going on to create such classics as The Graduate

(Nichols), Heaven Can Wait (May) and The Birdcage and Primary Colours (together). Yes, they've

had spats along the way, but as far as male-female comedy pairings go, theirs is the model to

which all up-and-comers must surely aspire.

''I've always dreamed of meeting someone I have a comedy click with,'' says 28-year-old

McCormack, a sometime reporter on The Circle. In Burt, she says, she has found precisely that.

''We get along in normal life, our partners get along, we socialise a lot together, but this

is the best thing comedy-wise that's ever happened to me.''

McCormack came to comedy by accident. Though she'd always dreamt of doing something on the

stage, growing up in Hobart it seemed a futile dream. It wasn't until her partner of seven

years bailed on their marriage plans five weeks out from their wedding that she found the

impetus she needed to give it a go.

She turned what she now calls ''the gift of being dumped at the altar'' into a stand-up

routine - ''I told the story so many times to friends that it went from heartbreak to comic

tragedy'' - and entered the Raw Comedy heat in her home town. Her first performance was to a

crowd of 50, including her ex. He was appalled, but the judges weren't - she won.

The final of Raw Comedy 2007 at the Melbourne Town Hall, before 3000 people, was just her

third gig. ''I was so scared, but I got such a kick out of it,'' McCormack recalls. This time

she didn't win, but she did realise what she wanted to do with her life.

Burt, by contrast, seems to have known his calling practically from birth. At 27, he is a

veteran of the local TV comedy writing circuit, and boasts one credit no one else locally can:

for six months in 2005, he was an intern on David Letterman's show.

How did that come about? ''I saw they were looking for interns, so I applied,'' he says, as if

it were the most natural thing on earth.

In New York, he worked like a dog and lived much the same way. ''I lived for six months in the

apartment of a 69-year-old alcoholic cat lady in Chelsea,'' he says. ''I spent a lot of time

at the office.''

It was a case of being thrown in at the deep end: there were 12 comedians in the writers'

room, pumping out gags for The Late Show, and Burt tried to keep up. ''It was incredibly

difficult,'' he says. ''It instilled in me a sense of discipline that I try to maintain. It

showed me that you can't sit around waiting for inspiration, you have to flex the comedy

muscle to make it happen.''

Since then, he's been making it happen for others, writing one-liners in other people's

voices. He and McCormack met on their first day of work on The 7PM Project. At lunch he told

her that eating sausages always gave him cold sores and she was hooked. ''It felt like a first

date, but a first comedy writers' date,'' McCormack says. ''I thought, 'He's opened up about

cold sores on the first day, we're going to be friends'.''

Last December, they quit the show together, determined to try something new. ''I loved it, but

it was time for me to step up and find my own voice,'' says Burt.

The first fruit of their labours is He Said, She Said, a joint effort stand-up show that plays

this weekend only at The Butterfly Club in South Melbourne. (There's also a McCormack-penned

sitcom set in a self-storage facility in the works.)

McCormack's half of the material is personal, delving into her ''weird'' childhood and her

relationship with her mother. ''She was a psychic for a time. She would take me along to aura

-cleansing sessions and I would play with my Barbie while they said, 'Your child has an evil

black heart.' I've still got it,'' she adds triumphantly. ''They didn't cleanse it out of

me.''

Burt's material is more observational and one-linerish, though he objects to the description

of him as a ''zinger slinger''. ''I will never say anything I don't believe, I will never say

a joke for a joke's sake,'' he insists. ''Every line, I would like to think, has a miniature

philosophy behind it.''

He Says/She Says is at The Butterfly Club, South Melbourne, tonight to Saturday at 7pm.

What Is Herpes Cold Sore?

Herpes cold sore is a disaster! Whether you are at school, work, going out with some friends, or even simply going out to do some groceries and shopping—a herpes cold sore will leave you without any face to present to the public, most especially if this herpes cold sore is so obvious to a person a few feet away!

Herpes cold sore is also referred to as fever blisters. These are caused by herpes simplex I virus. The worst thing about this type of herpes infection is that it can happen time and again. What happens with exposure to herpes virus is that it hides in our nerve endings. When instances like stress, low immune system, preexisting conditions occur, herpes simplex I virus may reactivate and lead to herpes cold sore. People who carry herpes may be unaware of this fact, and also, they can spread herpes to other people unknowingly.

Cause of Herpes Cold Sore

Type I Herpes Simplex is the usual cause of herpes cold sore. This type of herpes is a different strain from the type of herpes which causes sexually transmitted infections. The STI causing herpes simplex virus is the Type II. However, both types of viruses can affect the genital and the oral cavity.

Herpes Simplex I virus is usually caused by means of contact like kissing, sexual contact. Sharing of personal linen like towels, etc as well as utensils can also lead to herpes cold sore. It is important to put in mind is that herpes can affect other people even without the presence of herpes cold sore outbreak.

2011年5月15日星期日

Cold combat

Each year, at least 20 per cent of Kiwis are infected with Influenza. A dietitian, naturopath and GP share their advice to beat the dreaded winter lurgy.

Tara Diversi is a dietitian and author of The Good Enough Diet (Wiley, $34.95) who bounced back after a debilitating bout of swine flu, bronchitis and pneumonia last October. "When I feel sick I naturally feel like eating unhealthy food," says Diversi. "Even if I was feeling down, I consciously had to make myself focus on good nutrition and drinking fluids."


Be lazy

"The trouble is when you are sick you don't want to make an effort. The easier you can make things for yourself the better. I didn’t want to get out of bed when I was ill with swine flu, so I had to make sure I had plenty of water bottles at arms reach. I used a supermarket delivery service so I could get some fresh fruit and vegies, and I had frozen vegies or berries in the freezer all the time for smoothies or to throw into a meal."

Olwen Anderson is a clinical naturopath, practising in nutrition, herbal medicine and homoeopathy. "I can feel a cold trying to start two or three times a year, but I've become adept at stopping it in its tracks, so it never actually develops. When autumn arrives, I make sure I've got flu-busting remedies stashed all over the place and check my nutrition is on track."

Hot sips

"A hot lemon and ginger drink is ideal for a sore throat – a squeeze of lemon juice, a little of the peel, where the antiseptic essential oils are, and fresh ginger [topped with hot water]. The ginger is a traditional herbal remedy for the common cold, especially fever, which is your body's natural response to fighting illness."

Dr Ronald McCoy is the spokesperson for The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. "Keeping good general health and attending to personal hygiene is the best way to avoid a cold. If someone has a cold, and you can maintain a distance of one metre from the person, your chances of acquiring the cold are decreased."

Wash up

"Avoiding catching colds is about not letting the virus enter your body, and the commonest way this happens is through the virus getting into the mouth or nose. The single most effective measure for doing this is always washing your hands before eating or drinking."

Seeking cold comfort

Gazillions have been spent on the exploration of Mars but, sadly, we’re no closer to a cure for the common cold.

SINCE 2004, two automated motor vehicles from the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have been checking out the surface of the Mars for clues about past water activity, at a total cost of about US$900mil (RM2.7bil). And since 20:04 last Monday, I’ve been suffering from a sore throat, red eyes and a nose that drips like a leaky tap.

I think it’s odd that mankind can send two rovers to Mars to gather information about a planet that is way too cold and doesn’t have enough oxygen to support human life, but they can’t find a cure for the common cold.

As I try to control a chronic cough that makes me sound like a seal, I don’t give a toss about what happened a gazillion years ago on a far-flung planet. Ask the unemployed, or the homeless, or the terminally ill what they think of the Mars rovers (one of which has a dodgy wheel and has apparently been stuck on sandy ground for two years) and they’re likely to tell you that they don’t care what’s happening beyond their own problems.

Right about now would be a good time for NASA to decommission their space toys, turn off their satellite devices and move onto a cause that can benefit mankind more – like coming up with a pill that cold sufferers can pop at the first sign of a shiver, sniffle or tickly throat. But no. They’re currently making plans to send another much bigger rover to Mars at a cost of about US$2.5bil (RM7.5bil). If all those resources were channelled into finding a cure for what presently ails me instead of sending a mini truck into outer space, I’m sure we’d all be a lot happier and a lot more productive.

I know space exploration can benefit mankind in a number of different ways, but it’s of little comfort to me here on planet Earth, where my body is being invaded by alien life-forms that are making my life miserable.

The way things are going, man will have established a colony on Mars and I will still be suffering from a cold every so often. Indeed, my dripping nose will probably prevent me from getting on the inaugural spaceship that guarantees travellers a safe passage to a virus-free life. I mean to say, it wouldn’t do for me to wipe out the last few remaining Martian microorganisms that have been around for billions of years just by coughing on them.

While I was Googling the latest NASA shenanigans on Mars, a friend called and recommended an over-the-counter cold remedy. I laughed. Or at least, I tried to laugh. But I suspect it sounded more like a rattling wheeze.

You see, in my experience, cold remedies don’t work. In the past, I’ve been responsible for helping to sustain the billion dollar cold remedy industry, without receiving any relief for my money. Many cold cures claim to rid you of your cold or flu in seven to 10 days with a couple of tablets the size of a horse suppository. Oddly enough, this is the usual length of time it will take you to recover if you do nothing more than stay at home with a box of tissues and watch the “highlights” of seven years of Mars exploration on the TV.

If you still want to waste your money on a cold remedy, remember to read the small print on the label before consuming it. Many so-called cures can make you drowsy, and are therefore not recommended for anyone who may be driving a car or operating equipment more dangerous than an electric toothbrush.

“The first few doses cause the most sleepiness; subsequent doses are usually less troublesome,” says an online health information site.

Makes you wonder about subsequent, subsequent doses. You should be aware that it’s easy to become addicted to some cough syrups. One minute you’re coughing your lungs up and the next you’re in some back alley glugging down a couple of bottles of cough syrup at a time. So go easy.

Right about now, I would love to take a day or two off to recover from my cold, but I can’t. As a self-employed writer, it’s almost impossible to spend too much unplanned time away from my keyboard without my clients getting upset. I can call them up and sneeze and cough violently down the line, but they’re likely to ignore my subtle hints.

Maybe life would be better on another planet. Cough, splutter, sneeze ...

Natural Remedies for Cold Sores

No doubt—getting a cold sore will ruin your mood! A cold sore in your mouth, no matter how small it is, will always be a big deal and people will look at you like you have the crappiest lips among the crowd. Dealing with a cold sore can be very tricky—when you make use of something irritating to the skin or lips, it may spread further. The key to getting immediate relief from cold sore is using the proven cold sore natural remedies.

Cold sores are caused by the Herpes Simplex I virus—the form of herpes virus which commonly affects the oral cavity. Since this is a viral infection, it will clear up on its own like any other self-limiting viral infections. However, it will not cost us anything if we make use of cold sore natural remedies which will relieve the discomforts of having a cold sore on the mouth.

Herpes Simplex I virus is annoying as once you have been infected with this virus; you are infected for the rest of your life. HSV I may lie dormant but whenever it becomes active it may give you cold sores again. There are several ways by which cold sores can reactivate. Here are some reasons:

-          Stress and emotional factors;

-          Too much exposure to the sun’s UV rays and wind;

-          Hormonal changes and interaction; and

-          Other forms of infection.

Developing cold sores can happen in a snap! Thus, it is important to be aware of the cold sore natural treatments. Here are some of them:

Aloe Vera Juice

Fresh aloe vera juice can soothe the area affected with cold sores making it an excellent cold sore natural treatment. Rub the aloe juice into the affected area smoothly and you will notice an immediate cooling relief from soreness. If a fresh aloe vera is not available, you can make use of aloe vera gels and apply it to the affected area.

Ice Cubes

Ice can numb our nerve endings thus, it can lessen the discomforts of having a cold sore on the lip. You may rub the ice cube gently on your lips, or if the cold sore is located inside your mouth, you can place the ice cube inside your mouth and periodically place it on the affected area.

Petroleum Jelly

Making use of petroleum jelly can moisten the area affected making it a good cold sore natural remedy. Apart from that, it can also moisten the lips preventing it from cracking and drying.

Replace Tooth Brushes Regularly

Our toothbrushes can serve as fomites—as reservoir of bacteria and viruses that may cause certain diseases. Once you have recovered from a cold sore, consider replacing your toothbrush in order to lessen the chances of exacerbation.

Cold sores can be very frustrating—as much as you want to get it to disappear in a matter of days, it may stay there for as long as more than a week! Make sure you make use of these cold sore natural remedies and soon enough, your cold sores will disappear and your discomforts will be greatly lessened.

2011年5月10日星期二

According to Paula Abdul

Paula Abdul -- yes, that Paula Abdul -- is back judging a high-profile talent competition.

Abdul will join Simon Cowell, Cheryl Cole and Antonio "L.A." Reid as the judges of The X Factor, when TV's newest reality singing competition debuts this fall, on Fox and CTV.

The X Factor, modelled after the UK's biggest TV hit -- which Cowell also hosts -- carries with it a recording contract worth $5 million US, a cut above the usual reality-TV payday.

The X Factor is open to singers and vocal groups age 12 or older, but the early buzz is on the judges, at least in these early days.

The Fox network made it official Sunday by issuing a prepared statement in which Abdul said: "I am excited beyond words to be a part of The X Factor. I couldn't be happier to bring my love for cultivating talent and performance to such a wildly anticipated show."

"This show would never have been the same without Paula," Cowell said in a prepared statement. "I can't believe I am saying this, but I have missed her. I am thrilled she's on the show."

For those who missed her aphorisms -- or Abdulisms, if you prefer -- over the years, here's a quick sampler:

• "All you can do is the best you can do."

• "Keep the faith; don't lose your perseverance; and always trust your gut extinct."

• "The cool part of being an entertainer is getting the opportunity to get your feet wet in all areas."

• "When people expect me to go right, I'll go left. I'm unpredictable."

• "I will never forget my humble beginnings as a Laker Girl. It was probably one of the most fun jobs I ever had."

• "Constructive criticism is about finding something good and positive to soften the blow to the real critique of what really went on."

• "American Idol has taken over my whole life."

• "Simon would not want to audition in front of Simon."

• "I welcome him like I welcome cold sores. He's from England; he's angry; and he's got Mad Power Disease."

• "Can you imagine Simon as a kid? His imaginary friends probably never wanted to play with him."

• "Find fitness with fun dancing. It is fun and makes you forget about the dreaded exercise."

• "For all those willing to help me start a family, I am flattered. I will let you know when I need your help."

• "I got a call to meet Fox, and the rest is history."

Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc (AVNR) Posts Quarterly Earnings Results, Beats Estimates By $0.02 EPS

Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc (AVNR) announced its quarterly results on Monday. The company reported ($0.12) earnings per share for the quarter, beating the Thomson Reuters consensus estimate of ($0.14) by $0.02. During the same quarter in 2010, the company posted ($0.08) earnings per share. The company’s quarterly revenue was up 40.00% on a year-over-year basis.

On a related note, analysts at Zacks Investment Research reiterated a “neutral” rating on shares of Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc in a research note to investors on Thursday, April 28th.

Shares of Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc (AVNR) opened at 3.98 on Tuesday. Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc (AVNR) has a 52 week low of $1.31 and a 52 week high of $5.80. The stock’s 50-day moving average is $3.98 and its 200-day moving average is $4.02. The company has a market cap of $483.9 million.

AVANIR Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (AVANIR) is a pharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing therapeutic products for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. The Company focuses on products for the central nervous system. It also has a number of partnered programs in other therapeutic areas. Its docosanol 10% cream, sold in the United States and Canada as Abreva by its marketing partner GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare, is the only over-the-counter treatment for cold sores that has been approved by the United Sates Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In October 2010, FDA approved NUEDEXTA, is a combination of dextromethorphan/quinidine, for the treatment of pseudobulbar affect (PBA).

2011年5月8日星期日

Cheryl Cole asks brother Garry Tweedy to live with her in US Read more: http://www.mirror.co.uk/celebs/news/2011/05/08/chery-s-brotherly-love-as-she-asks-garry-tweedy-to-live-with-her-in-us-115875-23115062/#ixzz1LoT5AjmV Go Camping for 95p! Vouchers collectable in the Daily and Sunday Mirror until 11th August . Click here for more information

CHERYL Cole has taken her brother to live in Los Angeles with her... nervous she will feel homesick on her American adventure.


The singer – who starts work tonight on the US version of X Factor – touched down late on Friday with Garry Tweedy at her side.

And Garry, 23, will be living with her at her luxury beachside hotel so she doesn’t miss the UK, the Sunday Mirror can reveal.

There were chaotic scenes at Los Angeles airport when Cheryl, 27, Garry and PA Lily England arrived from ­Heathrow.

Five bodyguards whisked them into a ­waiting ­limousine and away to their hotel in super-­fashionable Santa Monica. In true LA style, their luggage was sent on in a separate limo.
Cheryl Cole's Luggage (pic: MagicMomentsUK)

Cheryl Cole's luggage

Earlier, a tired-looking Cheryl had been seen with a large coldsore. But by the time she arrived in America she had covered up the blemish with bright red lipstick.

Simon Cowell confirmed on Thursday that Cheryl, unknown in America, will star on X Factor, ending months of ­speculation.

Cowell had to battle Fox TV executives, who were unsure about an unknown in the US. They also feared viewers may not ­understand Cheryl’s Geordie accent.

Cheryl admitted after the announcement: “I’m a really homely person. I miss home when I’m only away for a few days.”

Loyal Garry travelled from Newcastle to ­accompany Cheryl to Venice in February and was at her side on a trip to the States in March. Tonight’s televised ­auditions will be the first test of whether ­Americans will be won over by X Factor. The show must compete with American Idol, judged by major stars including Jennifer Lopez.

Cheryl is house-hunting in LA and is believed to have set her heart on an historic property in the Hollywood Hills.

Hot/cold packs find many uses

Here’s a different kind of spring craft, one that’s more functional than fun: a hot/cold pack to soothe away the aches and pains of spring gardening.

I have several of these little gems scattered throughout my home and, even one at work. They are perfect for easing tension in the neck, soothing away sore knees or warming the bed.

I was first introduced to the concept of these packs when someone bought me one from a retail store. It was called a “Bed Buddy,” and it looked like a sock stuffed with something (I can’t remember what) with rope handles on the end. If you placed it in the microwave and heated it for a couple minutes, it was perfect for easing the tension in a sore neck (that’s how I always used it).

Over the years, I’ve seen many different takes on these. Some were commercially purchased and filled with a variety of substances (flax, gel), and some were bought at craft fairs, filled with more accessible items like dried corn or rice.

It is the ones found at craft fairs that inspired this column (well, that and the fact I had to make a couple quick Mother’s Day gifts).

As a crafter who has many interests, I also have a large stash (from yarn to beads to fabric) and I’m prone to buy fabric, especially if it’s fleece, off the remnants racks at Jo-Ann and other stores. I find fleece comes in handy for a variety of projects.

The beauty of these hot/cold packs is you don’t necessarily need measurements. You can make them whatever size or shape you like. For this column, I made two (a long one that will wrap around the neck and a shorter, wider one that can be used on the low back).

With fleece in hand, I needed only a couple more items to accomplish my goal. Here’s the list.

What you’ll need:

•Muslin

•Fleece

•Rice (white, brown, red, whatever, amount depends on size of your pack)

•Essential oil (for this project, I used honey almond and sweet orange, found in the soap/candle-making aisle of the craft store, but you can buy it at health food stores as well)

•Thread that coordinates with fleece

•A sewing machine

•Scissors or a rotary cuter

What to do:

1. Pour rice into a zippered plastic bag and sprinkle with essential oil. Set aside. (Note: For the longer one I made, I used about 5 cups of rice).

2. Cut the muslin to the size you want, whether that’s a 24-inch log, 4-inch wide log or a 7 1/2 -inch wide, 16-inch long rectangle or, other size you desire.

3. Stitch three of the four sides of the muslin, leaving an opening to fill with rice.

4. Fill muslin sack with rice but be sure not to stuff so it is bulging. Instead, as you fill, lay the piece down (be sure to keep the end that’s open closed tight) and flatten rice out. The pack should be flexible so it bends around the neck, etc.

5. Fold in edges of open end and double stitch to close.

6. Cut fleece so that it fits the muslin pack a bit loosely (because you’ll remove the pack to chill or to wash the fleece covering).

7. Stitch up all but one end of the fleece.

8. Fold edges in and stitch around opening of the fleece sleeve.

If you are giving this as a gift, you could include a gift tag with printed instructions for use. Here is what the tag that comes with mine says:

For warm comfort: Heat two minutes or more (so it can be handled) in mircowave oven with a cup of water in the oven for moisture.

For moist heat: Spritz with water before microwaving.

For cool comfort: Place rice pack in refrigerator for an hour or so, or in freezer for a half-hour.

2011年5月4日星期三

Home Remedies: Do They Work?

Experts say vodka works the same as an antiseptic to kill fungus and bacteria on your feet, so what other home remedies really work?

Channel 11 News got almost 100 home remedy suggestions on Facebook and Jennifer Abney took them to a local doctor to have them checked out.

Dr. Marc Itskowitz is a physician at Allegheny General Hospital.

“Often a patient will try a home remedy first before they come see us,” said Dr. Itskowitz, “I will ask them what they have tried and sometimes it is something I have never heard of before. It’s interesting to find out what people are doing at home and why they are doing it.”

Our first home remedy was sent in by Bev. She claims that chewing Juicy Fruit gum will help with heart burn.

The doctor agrees with this one, “It seems like that does temporarily relieve heartburn,” said Dr. Itskowitz, “I have actually used that with pregnant women who are reluctant to take prescription medicine.”

Dr. Itskowitz added that medical studies have shown that chewing gum stimulates saliva which has alkaline properties that neutralize the acid that causes heartburn.

Anthony Santucci suggested a spoonful of sugar to help the hiccups go away. He's not the only one who believes in this one. It was actually tested by the New England Journal of Medicine.

“The most interesting study I saw was the hiccups study. They gave patients sugar and they swallowed it,” said Dr. Itskowitz, “They tried to figure out what caused the hiccups to go away and couldn’t – no one knows for sure. One possibility, the stimulation of the vagle nerve in the brain," Itskowitz said.

Kylie Stewart suggested baking soda and vinegar to relieve the pain of a bee sting and to help remove the stinger.

“I think baking soda and vinegar help with the pain. They neutralize some of the pain fibers on the skin,” said Itskowitz. “I think it helps neutralize acid. There are alkaline properties in baking soda that I think probably relax the skin.”

We got several home remedies that involve cold tea bags for swelling or pain.

“I think it’s probably the coldness more than anything," said the doctor. “I am not sure of anything in the tea that would do that.”

Itskowitz says that ice will usually help. And, the key is to apply it for 10-15 minutes.

Next up, corn starch for diaper rashes.

“That seems like it would work not just for diaper rashes but other types of rashes. With itchy skin, corn starch seems to absorb excess moisture and help repair skin,” said Itskowitz.

Rose Nixon says that super glue can help kill warts. Dr. Iskowitz hasn’t heard of that one, but he has heard of using duct tape.

“They leave it covered for awhile and when they take the tape off it seems to have helped,” he said. “It probably kills the cells around the warts, leaving them to die off and then the wart goes away.”

Itskowitz said in essence, you are smothering it and that area of skin is deprived of oxygen.

Doctors say the cells that are supplying the wart with nutrients are dying off. Keep in mind Itskowitz says this usually only works on small warts. The larger ones you probably need to have a physician remove.

Tee Banks suggests using Crisco for eczema.

“I haven't heard of that one,” said Itskowitz. “But a lot of people suffer from dry skin and are always trying to find good moisturizers. Really anything with fluid or moister in it will temporarily help.”

Itskowitz said he has also heard of some patients getting relief from eczema by putting Vaseline on your hands then covering with thin gloves. By sleeping with this one it helps look in moister.

Ashley Eckenrode recommended rubbing gold jewelry across a stye to cure it.

The doctor’s response, “Well, I have never heard of that .. hahahaha.”

One person posted to try toothpaste to cure cold sores.

“I don't know why that one would work,” he said. “I will tell you that people are always looking for remedies for cold sores. There are a lot out there and most don't work well.”

To fight colds, We had several viewers suggest concoctions including one with Pine Needle tea for its vitamin C.

“Alot of things are out there for colds with zinc or vitamin c,” said Itskowitz. “b=But when they study them they don't work. It's really time, rest and fluids that work the best with colds.”

Caffeine can actually help relieve headaches.

“Caffeine does actually help headaches and is a treatment for headaches. There is even a protocol for this in the hospital,” said the doctor. “The only problem with that is then you can increase the chance of having a caffeine withdrawal headache.

And, chocolate does have a little medicinal value.

”There are a lot of reports that chocolate is helpful with certain conditions whether it is muscle aches or fatigue or depression,” he said. “There are not really large scale studies showing that it is helpful, but a lot of people feel better when they have it.”

Because it elevates the mood, Dr. Itskowitz says a reasonable amount of chocolate can be a good thing.

Lori English Hillard said that lighting a match, blowing it out and putting it near a tick on your skin works to remove it.

“I never heard of that one and it sounds too good to be true,” Itskowitz said. “Most ticks require manual extraction from the skin, so it doesn't make any sense to me that it would work.”

Debora Wojtociwz says Coca-Cola over ice is helpful with morning sickness.

“With morning sickness we tell patients to try to find something that they can eat that will make them feel better,” said the doctor. “So I guess that’s a reasonable thing to try. But I am not aware of anythihg in Coke that would make it work better.”

Cold Sore Virus and Alzheimer Disease Relationship Revealed - Cold Sore Remedies can Stop Alzheimer

Most cold sore sufferers are unaware about this fact and the Alzheimer patients need to check on their cold sore infection because of this study. The results of this experiment are real staggering and Herpes Simplex virus can be deadly because of their impact on human brain.

The study reveals that this cold sore virus does not only impact mucous membrane but also decreases the efficiency of dementia plaques in human brain. Ultra growth of cold sore virus leads to damage of mucous membrane which ultimately results in reduction in human brain efficiency.

If this is true then cold sore sufferers need to take high precautions and must eradicate this virus as soon as possible. There are several cold sore remedies available in the market which promises immediate relief. But the fact is most over the counter drugs, lotions, creams, and steroids only provide symptomatic relief and can not cure the root cause of the infection.

This is why natural remedies for cold sore are most efficient and time proven which have the potential to destroy the root cause of the infection. One must try these natural cold sore treatments to get ultimate relief and to avoid any harmful side effects from most OTC products.

There are several types of natural remedies for cold sores available from tea bag, ice to Lysine lotion and cream. These treatments are simple to carry out and do not cost thousands of dollars. Plus they provide a long term result which is what a cold sore sufferer should focus mostly.

With the help of right knowledge, one can prepare most of these natural cold sore remedies at their homes without too much headache. Right diet and right exercise schedule is also helpful in order to strengthen the immune system of cold sore sufferer. Once internal immune power is strengthened then the cold sore infection can be controlled easily with right natural cold sore treatments faster.

Natural cold sore remedies are important in order to eliminate the cold sore virus quickly and to avoid any danger of Alzheimer disease in the future. So cold sore sufferer must try these holistic treatments quickly to avoid any health dangers later on.

2011年5月2日星期一

Don't let a sore throat ruin your summer holidays

Most of us would assume that a sore throat is something that is only likely to be a problem in the cold winter months.

But research commissioned by Strepsils has found that 82 per cent of us have regularly suffered from a sore or irritated throat in the spring and summer months.

The poll of 3000 people found that around one in eight of us have needed to take two days off work as a result of a sore throat, with around one in seven losing the equivalent of a whole weekend with friends or family as a result of an irritated or sore throat.

More than a third of people also reported throat problems during a foreign holiday, with the pain lasting for an average of two days.

So if you are worried your summer could be affected by a pain in the neck, here's a look at what causes it and how it could be tackled.

WHAT IS A SORE THROAT?

The throat, or pharynx, runs from the back of the mouth to the top of the respiratory and digestive tracts. You could think of it as the main highway for air and food with a system to remove any bacteria, viruses and other irritants that may have got on the road.

Sore throats immune as diet are common and the vast majority are typically the result of an infection by a virus. A sore throat may be caused by the common cold or by an illness that has a more widespread effect on the body such as the flu and glandular fever.

GP Dr Rob Hicks said: "The characteristic symptoms of a sore throat are often described as pain and trouble swallowing. Symptomatic relief can be achieved using medicated throat lozenges and if the sore throat is due to bacterial infection, antibiotics may be recommended."

HOW CAN IT BE AVOIDED?

With our hectic lifestyles, there aren't many of us who can lock ourselves away every time the season gets the better of our throat. So to give ourselves the best chance, we should avoid irritants that can cause reddening and swelling such as cigarette smoke, pollution, shouting or changes in air conditioning. Other tips include:

Breathing through your nose: Your nose is an excellent filter of bacteria and other harmful irritants and helps warm the air too.

Eating right: Vitamins found in fruit and vegetables will help support your immune system.

Swallowing regularly: Our saliva naturally helps to cleanse the throat and although it might hurt if your throat is sore already, it's one of the best things you can do.

Dr Hicks said: "As always, prevention is better than cure. It's vital to keep the immune system fighting fit so the body is in the best position to deal with a busy schedule.

"Ensuring we get enough rest, sleep and relaxation is essential, as stress weakens the immune system.

"Smoking also weakens the body's defences so should be avoided.

"Exercise boosts the immune system, as does a healthy diet that is rich in fruit and vegetables."

HOW CAN YOU HELP A SORE THROAT?

Even with the best of intentions, we are all likely to suffer from a sore or irritated throat at some point. But there are still some steps we can take to improve things. They include:

Drinking plenty of liquids to keep your level of body fluids up.

Inhaling the steam from a bowl of hot water if your nose feels congested is a good idea as this will help it to clear.

Try to avoid alcohol. The idea that alcohol disinfects the throat is a myth. In fact, drinking alcohol is much more likely to irritate than soothe.

Sucking an effective medicated lozenge can help lubricate the lining of the throat and provide symptomatic relief.

GlaxoSmithKline Earnings: Solid, But Shareholders Taking Profits

GlaxoSmithKline PLC (NYSE:GSK) first-quarter net profit rose 14% to 1.53 billion pounds ($2.53 billion). GlaxoSmithKline plc is a research-based pharmaceutical group that develops, manufactures and markets vaccines, prescription and over-the-counter medicines, as well as health-related consumer products. The Group, which also provides laboratory testing and disease management services, specializes in treatments for respiratory, central nervous system, gastro-intestinal and genetic disorders.

Don’t Miss: Wall St. Cheat Sheet’s newest Feature Trades of the Month!

GlaxoSmithKline PLC Earnings Cheat Sheet for the First Quarter

Results: Glaxo posted a net profit of GBP 1.64 billion before major restructuring — up 5.1% from a net profit of GBP 1.56 billion a year earlier. The group booked restructuring charges of GBP 135 million in the first quarter.

Revenue: Sales in the period fell to GBP 6.59 billion from GBP 7.36 billion. The company was hurt by hit generic competition to herpes drug Valtrex, a continued decline in revenue from its controversial diabetes pill Avandia, and a drop in sales of flu products versus last year’s windfall from a huge flu scare.

Actual vs. Wall St. Expectations: Analysts polled by FactSet Research had been expecting earnings of 31 cents a share on sales of 6.65 billion pounds.

Key Stats: Glaxo is selling its Quest Diagnostics (NYSE:DGX) stake for $1.7 billion and North American rights to cold sore treatment Zovirax to Valeant Pharmaceuticals International (NYSE:VRX) for $300 million.

Competitors to Watch: Pfizer Inc. (NYSE:PFE), Merck & Co., Inc. (NYSE:MRK), Johnson & Johnson (NYSE:JNJ), Sanofi-Aventis SA (NYSE:SAN), Abbott Laboratories (NYSE:ABT), Astra Zeneca plc (NYSE:AZN), Novartis AG (NOVN), Roche Holding Ltd. (NYSE:ROG).